Egypt runs a mandatory clearance model: VAT-registered businesses must issue, digitally sign and submit B2B invoices to the Egyptian Tax Authority (ETA) portal in real time. Standard VAT is 14%.
Egypt operates a clearance model run by the Egyptian Tax Authority (ETA): VAT-registered businesses must issue every B2B invoice electronically, digitally sign it (using an HSM or USB e-seal certificate) and submit it to the ETA portal in real time, where it is validated and assigned a UUID before it is legally valid. Invoices are structured JSON or XML to the ETA schema, with goods and services coded against the GS1/EGS catalogue. Standard VAT is 14%. From 1 January 2026 the mandatory registration threshold was cut to EGP 250,000, pulling many more SMEs into scope, and a parallel e-receipt system covers B2C. Invoices are in Arabic and Egyptian pounds; keep records for at least 5 years.
At minimum, an invoice issued in Egypt should carry these fields:
Last reviewed June 9, 2026
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